How many types of Laptop?

 Types of Laptop

        There are 5 types of laptop differ according to functionality, weight and price.

1. 2-in-1 convertible

                    These types of laptops have a swivel/rotating hinge attaching the keyboard to the display. You can fold the screen up to 180 degrees so that it lies flat on the keyboard. It is now being replaced by laptops with detachable screens that also work as tablets. All latest 2-in-1's have touch screen. 

                    It is also known as Hybrid Laptops.

2. Rugged Laptops

                    Rugged laptops are designed to operate in harsh and extreme conditions, dusty or wet environments and in areas with strong vibrations. They are commonly used by public safety services such as the police, military, medical emergency and firefighting departments. They are manufactured and supplied only to such organizations.They are usually bulkier and more expensive than regular laptops. They have rubber sheeting below the keyboard, passive cooling, sealed connector covers and are made from strong magnesium alloy. 

3. Subnotebooks

                    A subnotebook is very portable since it has less weight and a long battery life (exceeding ten hours). Most subnotebooks don't have a removable media drive to lessen the weight. In such cases the laptop is paired with a docking station.

4. Desktop Replacement Laptops

                        A desktop replacement laptop provides capabilities similar to a desktop. It is usually heavier and larger than standard laptops. It look like a desktop and sometimes it looking uncomfortable like carry, change places.

5. Netbooks- 

                        Netbooks are economical, light-weight, energy efficient laptops suited for internet access and wireless communication. Most netbooks do not have an  optical disk drive and are preloaded with Windows 8 and Windows 10. Most netbooks have one memory slot supporting up to 2gb storage. This limits how the netbook functions beyond the basic functions i.e. emailing and internet.

Which is best for You and Your employees, Laptop VS Desktop

 Laptop VS Desktop

        Today we are going talking about what we should buy Laptop or Desktop. Here whatever your use. You will be sure what is good for you like Laptop or Desktop. I comparison on this Budget, Convenience, Processing Speed, Usability, Keyboard, Upgrading, Gaming and other. So I hope after reading this post your doubt has been permanently delete from your mind.

• Price- The starting price is for Desktop Computer would be Rs. 15,000. Here is good for Buying Desktop compare on budget. On the other side, the cost of an entry level Laptop would be Rs. 20,000 or more, depending on your brand and specification.

• Convenience- If you are buying Desktop then Carrying desktops from one place to another place is not convenient. Desktop are meant for a single location usage and stationary users. On the other hand Laptops are Compact, portable and are designed to be taken from place to place conveniently. It is meant for mobile Roaming users.

• Processing Speed- Desktop are installed with more powerful processors than the laptops. So there is good for Desktop .

• Usability- In the usability, There will be good for Laptop because Laptop requires very few places and very few requires for setup. But If I even talk about Desktop requires more places and more time for setup along with this we can't very easily change places in the Desktop.

• Mouse and Keyboard- In the Laptop have already touchpad but But in desktop you have to use external Mouse. Desktop keyboards come with full size keyboard with separate numeric key pad. But we talk about Laptop Keyboard, It come with smaller keyboards and mostly without a separate numeric key pad. 

• Upgrading- Desktop components are easier to remove and make upgrades simpler. Bigger Desktop cases make upgrading easy. But Laptop components are either built-in or not removable. Many laptop users prefer to buy a new laptop, rather than upgrading the hard drive and memory, which is costly.

• Gaming- Desktops have a capability to use higher wattage power supplies, and more number of graphics cards to enable for better gaming experience. High-end Laptops can provide better graphics and gaming experience. However heat reduction is limited due to less space. The Gaming Laptop is too much costly comparing on gaming desktop.

            So How much did you like this post. Do comment and tell me your Review of this post.

What is difference between Peer-to-Peer Network and Client Server Network?

 Peer-to-Peer Networks

            Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks involve two or more computers pooling individual resources such as disk drivers. Each computers acts as both the client and the client server. These computers can directly communicate with the other computers. Ex.- A scanner on one computer can be used by any other computer on the network.

Client-Server Networks

            This involves multiple client networks which are connected to at least a central server on network where, applications are installed. Clients need access to these server resources, they can access them only from the server. This network are too much secure comparison on P2P.

Difference between Peer-to-Peer Networks and Client-Server Networks

Content	Peer-to-Peer Networks	Client-Server Networks
Organization size	Limited number of Workstations	Large number of Workstations
User Type	Local User created on PCs	Centralized users created on server by an administrator
Security	Low, Individual users are responsible for security	High, Network and Server administrator is responsible for security
Network Traffic	Limited number of Users	Support Large number of Users
Scalability	Limited growth of users and shared resources	Higher growth can be projected in terms of users and shared resources
Cost	Cheap	Expensive
User Type	Home, small business	Colleges, hospitals or large corporations
Example	Peer	Client

 

Number of Systems

 Number of Systems

            There are four types of number of system.

1. Binary number system or Machine  Language or Low
2. Decimal number system
3. Octal number system
4. Hexa-decimal number system

1. Binary number system- There are only two digit (0,1). There are base two in binary number system. It is used in Micro Computer.

2. Decimal number system- There are ten digit from (0-9). There are base in 10. It is used in main frame Computer.

3. Octal number system- There are eight digit from (0-7). There are base in 8. It is used in mini Computer.

4. Hexa Decimal number system- This combination is (0-15). There are base is 16. 

     Value is 0-9 and A-F alphabet. It is used in super Computer.

How many types of Network?

 Types of Network

1. LAN- LAN stands for Local Area Network. It is used to network computers for a limited area like office, school by using the network media. This connection length is up to 1 km.

2. CAN- CAN stands for Campus Area Network. CAN is an interconnections of local area network within a limited geographical area. Campus network can be additional to the set of wireless connections, connect several buildings to the same network, but it's not the same thing. A CAN is smaller than a WAN network. Ex- Corporate Office campus, University etc . This connection length is up to  3 km.

3. MAN- MAN stands for Metropolitan Area Network. which optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN, CAN, ranging from several blocks of building to entire city. This network connection length is up to 100 km.

4. WAN- WAN means Wide Area Network that is network connection of wide area such as the world. Ex. Internet This connection length is above 100 km.

5. PAN- PAN is Personal Area Network which is referred to the interconnection of information technology devices. These interconnected devices might include laptop computers, mobile phones, printers or other computer devices. It is also known as Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). This connection length is up to 10 m.

What is Networking and What is Benefits of Network?

 Networking

               A network is a group of two or more computer systems, which are linked computer together. It has single purpose to share the information as far as possible. A networked environment sharing of resources such as files, printers, programs storage disks etc. 

Benefits of Network

• Send or receive data between computers by sharing of files.
• Resources sharing like scanners, printers
• Internet sharing
• Increasing storage capacity: ex- Network Attached Storage (NAS) This will make your storage available on the network. Many people nowadays also use this option at homes to share files, videos, and pictures between computers.
• Desktop remote access on the network
• You can easily take backup on the server of your system
• Along with this Your system will be work quickly

Units of storage in Computer 1KB=?, 1MB=?, 1TB=?

 Unit of Storage

            We often use Bit, Byte, KB, MB, GB, and TB when we talks about Memory in our conversation but  do you know their Storage unit and full form. Below I am trying to tell you about storage unit by diagram.

Memory Storage Unit
Bit	1 Bit
Nibble	4 Bit
Byte	8 Bit
Kilobyte (KB)	1024 Byte
Megabyte (MB)	1024 Kilobyte
Gigabyte (GB)	1024 Megabyte
Terabyte (TB)	1024 Gigabyte
Petabyte (PB)	1024 Terabyte
Exabyte (EB)	1024 Petabyte
Zettabyte (ZB)	1024 Exabyte
Yottabyte (YB)	1024 Zettabyte

 

How to solve error of Peripheral device is not connection?

 Fix error of Peripheral device is not Connecting

                    If you are getting issue related to mouse, keyboard, printer, pendrive, scanner and others then How to solve error of this types of Issue?

Troubleshoot

• Check connection
• Check in another port
• Go to BIOS check USB/ LAN/ Audio/ Parallel Port should be enable
• Open OS and check related driver from device manager. Uninstall and reinstall driver, update driver
• Try that device with another PC
• May be port problem

How to fix Audio not working issue?

 Fix Issue of Audio not working

• Check audio driver is installed or not
• Update audio driver / Reinstall driver
• Check with external speaker or headphone
• Check from BIOS, may be disabled
• Connect USB Soundcard, and check external speaker
• If sound is coming from external speaker means, internal sound card is faulty

How to solve Overheating Issue?

 Solve Overheating Problem

Causes of Overheating

• Hard Disk over space
• RAM over space
• Battery shotting
• Adaptor over uses

Solution of Overheating

• Keep some space in Hard Disk
• Don't use adaptor for long time
• Go to BIOS and check CPU temperature. It should be max. 45 degree celsius. we can solve this issue, check cpu fan speed and If need then increase fan speed.
• Open system case and clean heat sinking
• Apply thermal paste between CPU and heat sink
• Clean internal parts of PC- RAM, Motherboard, SMPS, Graphic card and Fan.
• Room temperature should be normal.
• PC shouldn't be in sunlight.

How to fix error of HDD is not detecting in my pc?

 Fix error of HDD is not Detecting

1. Go to BIOS and check HDD may be disable. If HDD is not detected in BIOS
2. Open system case, check data cable and power cable may be loose or faulty
3. Replace cable with ODD cable
4. Try with another port on Motherboard (priority should be first port)
5. Reconnect and new HDD

How to solve error loading Operating System?

 Fix error of loading Operating System

            If your Operating system like as Windows 10, 7, 8 or XP is not loading in your pc then You should follow these steps which is given in below.

1. Restart your pc
2. Go to BIOS settings by pressing your BIOS key (F10 in HP)
3. Check boot order and set first boot device to device by you want to boot your pc
4. USB may be disable from BIOS
5. Network LAN card may be disable from BIOS
6. Check HDD
7. If your HDD is getting issue then Replace HDD

How to Fix Laptop Display Issue?

 Fix Laptop Display Issue

• Restart the Computer
• Remove Battery and start computer
• Check caps lock key or  num lock key by pressing them If blink then it is internal problem
• Connect an external monitor with laptop. You can show display on monitor by using shortcut keys (Win+P). If external monitor showing display. It means laptop's internal components are working fine. Problem is with display or Laptop's VGA cable. 
• Open Laptop, remove VGA cable from motherboard clean and reconnect VGA cable. Check cable may be physically damage. If required replace cable.
• If cable is looking fine then replace display.

Beep Sound

 Beep Sound

When the computer starts it performs a Power-On Self Test (POST).

• Generally beep sound comes during Power-On Self Test.
• This types of causes may be of beep codes: Memory issue, CMOS battery weak, Keyboard shotting, RAM Partial Died.
• Problems occurred during booting are either displayed on screen or the computer gives beep sounds.
• Beep sounds may also be due to wrong connection or loose connection.
• This sound is generated from motherboard internal speaker.
• Many BIOS will have different Beep codes even if they are from the same manufactures.
• For example, "AMIBIOS" is a popular BIOS manufacturer.

AMI BIOS Beep Codes

Fix BEEP Codes

• Turn on or restart the computer.
• When the computer begins to boot, listen to the beep codes carefully. Restart the computer to hear the beeping again.
• Note down the pattern of the beeps.
• This will help to determine the issues the beep codes are representing.
• Depending on the BIOS manufacturer, the solution will differ for the beep code.
• Choose the correct beep code troubleshooting guide.
• Go to Internet and search your PC model that what is the reason of Beep Codes.

What is POST, Fatal error, Non-Fatal error and How to Fix fatal Error?

 POST

        Post stands for Power-On Self Test. Post is the diagnostic testing sequence that runs to determine if the computer is working properly.

                    It tests the computer parts such as: Keyboard, RAM, Disk drives and other hardware. If the necessary hardware is working fine, the computer begins to boot.

                    If the necessary hardware is working fine, the computer begins to boot.

                    

                    If the necessary hardware is not working fine, then BIOS issues an error in two ways:

• Error message is displayed
• Series of beep sounds

                    Depending on the type of error it is divided into two types:

1. Fatal Error
2. Non-Fatal Error

Fatal Error

            A fatal error halts the boot process immediately.                                              Ex: No system memory is found.

              POST tests a vital system component, that's why most POST boot errors are fatal.

Non-Fatal Error

                       Booting process doesn't stop when it encounters non-fatal error. It displays an error on the screen.

Fix Fatal Error

• Switched off the computer power and open the system case.
• Clear CMOS by removing the CMOS battery.
• Switch on the computer and go to the BIOS setup.
• Re-configure the BIOS settings to default and SAVE CHANGES & EXIT.
• After the reboot, computer should start normally.

How to fix Hanging and Frozen issue of your PC?

 Fix Hanging and Frozen issue

Hanging Issue- When my system is hanging or lacking then on that time we have to wait for some time and can be use our system after some time.

Frozen Issue- When my display pause at using time that is called frozen issue, and on that time there is only a option that we must have to restart our system.

                    I divided two ways to solve this problem-

1. Software Solution:

• Check your hardware resources, that these are sufficient or not. You can check this from Task manager which shortcut keys is  Ctrl+Shift+Esc.
• You have to avoid running multiple application at  a time.
• You have uninstall unnecessary application of your system.
• You don't have to use two application in a PC.
• You should set basic Themes.
• You should scan your computer using any Antivirus time to time.
• You should keep free space on your OS drive which means C:Drive auto selected, twice of RAM capacity because it is used for Virtual memory.
• You shouldn't keep multiple icons and files on Desktop.

2. Hardware Solution:

• You have to check CPU temperature.
• You have to check bad sector in your HDD.
• You have to check RAM, Bad memory cell may cause  hanging problem.
• If you are using Desktop then You have to check SMPS may be low voltage capacity.
• You have to check Graphic card.

I hope that You all are using these all solution and I am sure that will be solve Hanging and Frozen  Issue of your PC.